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NSX Logical Switch Packet Walk – The Wifi- Cable. I have had nothing but fun working with NSX over the past few years. I love everything about it from design, deployment to managing it. Such a fantastic solution that brings a LOT to the table including deploying logical networks in just a few clicks to enhanced security thanks to microsegmentation. This post is for you folks out there seeking for that more in- depth look of what is going on behind the scenes between virtual machines when they communicate with one another with NSX. I also feel every NSX admin should have a firm grasp on the architecture and understand how to troubleshoot issues. I compare this to knowing how to do math on pen and paper versus using a calculator. We are going focus capturing packets as they traverse the NSX network and get a clearer picture of what is going on in the background. What does the packet path (data path) look like when a VM communicates with another VM on the same logical switch (network segment) between ESXi hosts? What does the packet path look like when VMs communicate between different logical switches? Many different scenarios and we are going to cover just a few here in this logical switch packet walk and get you familiar with the process of capturing and examining this information. First thing we need to do is gather some key info about the VMs, ESXi hosts, logical switches and so on. IP addresses and MAC addresses. We are going to walk through this process using the v. Sphere Web Client and record the information. I like to set up a spreadsheet to help me with this. There is an easier way of accomplishing this using RV Tools (FREE) which you can quickly export your entire v. Sphere environment into one big spreadsheet. But for educational purposes I’m going to show you where to locate this information in the v. Sphere Web Client. Too much unnecessary hatred and animosity towards the v. Sphere Web Client. If you are really good at Power. CLI you could probably use that as well : ). Gather Information. So I created a nice and simple spreadsheet to record some information I want to collect from my environment. I created two separate tables. We will start with the virtual machines which are all connected to a logical switch based on the 3- Tier application that I have deployed. Below is a logical diagram of the environment that I will be working with. Tier TPS Application – NSX Logical Switches. Connect to the v. Sphere Web Client and then open Hosts & Clusters and begin collecting information about our VMs first and then our hosts. I have five (5) VMs in my Compute Cluster where I will collect the IP Address and MAC Address of each. Simply choose one of the VMs and then select the Summary tab. At the very top you ushould see the IP Address(es) associated with this VM. Record that in your spreadsheet. Next expand Network adapter 1 under VM Hardware. There you will find the MAC Address for this VM. Record that in your spreadsheet. And lastly record which ESXi host your VM is running on. Repeat this process for each of the VMs in your compute cluster that you want to use during your packet capture. The screenshot below displays the information I gathered from my . So I simply connect to each ESXi host in my cluster (3 hosts) and then enter the esxtop command and then press . Locate the VM and in the first column (far left) is the . Record the PORT- ID for the virtual machine. Repeat this step on each host until you have the PORT- ID for each of your VMs. Here is my table containing the information I need for my virtual machines that I want use in this packet walk exercise. VM Network Information. Next I need to gather some information about my ESXi hosts. Specifically the IP Address and MAC Address of the VMkernel adapter associated with the VTEP (VXLAN) on each host. From the Hosts & Clusters console, select an ESXi host and then select the Manage tab. Then select Networking and then choose VMkernel adapters. The VMkernel associated with the VTEP is easily identifiable by . Select the VMkernel and below you will see not only the IPv. MAC address. Scroll down a little bit under the All tab until you see Teaming and failover. Here you will find the . If you have been working with v. Sphere you probably already know what the end result is going to be. My main goal with the introduction here is to only familiarize you with command- line tools used to capture and analyze. So simple and high- level here . I am going to begin with the following virtual machines running on the same ESXi host: web- svr- 0. IP Address: 1. 0. MAC Address: 0. 0: 5. B7: 5. BPort ID: 6. IP Address: 1. 0. MAC Address: 0. 0: 5. B: 3. 1Port ID: 6. IP Address: 1. 72. MAC Address: 0. 0: 5. AD: 0. 6This information is critical to our packet capturing process across NSX. The next thing we are going to do is initiate a continuous PING from web- svr- 0. Once that is running I am going to open a Putty (SSH) session with esx- 0. Before we go further let’s dissect this command a little bit. I created a new directory on my ESXi host (/cap) to use for my packet capture files. I am dumping the packet capture to a file with the . Inbound or outbound is determined by the . A value of . To view additional parameters and/or options for the packet capture command type the command . Press CTRL+C to stop the capture. Next we want to view the contents of the packet capture. To do this we are going to use the . Type the following command to display the contents of the output file: tcpdump- uw - enr /cap/web- svr- 0. The contents of the capture file will then appear. If you are familiar with packet captures then locating the information will be very simple. If you are new to viewing this information, don’t worry. Next you are going to see . You will then see some other information including ethertype (IPv. ARP, etc.), packet length until you get to some IP addresses. Same thing applies here. We initiated a continuous PING so I am specifically looking for . I have truncated some of the information to make it viewable. I’ve also included the screenshot in case you have superman’s eyesight . Two VMs communicating with each other on the same network segment. VMs don’t even have to be on a logical switch to do this. The traffic were captured is not encapsulated by NSX (VXLAN). Very basic procedure that any v. Sphere admin should be able to accomplish. You don’t even need NSX installed to accomplish this simple task above. I simply want to get you familiar with a couple commands that we are going to use here shortly. Now lets take a look at some more complex packet captures that will allow us to view a packet that has been encapsulated by NSX. NSX Packet Capture Task 1. The previous task was nothing more than to get your familiar with packet capturing and viewing this info directly from the ESXi host. Good little process for some of you who may be new to NSX. Now we are going to change it up a bit and start looking at actual traffic being encapsulated and un- uncapsulated by NSX. We will view some critical VXLAN information including the VNI of our NSX logical switches. The next packet capture we are going to do is look at what happens when two VMs on the same NSX logical switch communicate with one another and operate on separate ESXi hosts. Pretty simple. First we are going to work with the two SQL virtual machines that I have running (reference table above). The VMs are both connected to the TPS- DB- Tier- LS with the segment ID of 5. VNI 5. 00. 2). I started a continuous PING from sql- svr- 0. Here is a quick summary of what we will be working with. IP Address: 1. 0. MAC Address: 0. 0: 5. A5: 6. BPort ID: 6. Host: esx- 0. 2a. IP Address: 1. 0. MAC Address: 0. 0: 5. A4. Port ID: 6. 71. Host: esx- 0. 3a. VTEP VMkernel info). IP Address: 1. 72. MAC Address: 0. 0: 5. F4: C7. Uplink: vmnic. VTEP VMkernel info). IP Address: 1. 72. MAC Address: 0. 0: 5. AD: 0. 6Uplink: vmnic. The source VM (sql- svr- 0. I want to capture is running on esx- 0. The continuous ping is already running so I’m ready to go. I then open an SSH session with that host and execute the following command. Here I am capturing the inbound traffic (Rx) on the virtual switch. Allow the packet capture to run for about 1. CTRL+C. Next we are going to observe the contents of the packet capture and type the following command: tcpdump- uw - enr /cap/sql- svr- 0. Immediately I can see the . Look for the initial ARP request too! ARP Request from Packet Capture. I apologize for the small screenshot but the ARP request states in the output above: Request who- has 1. Now here is a snippet of the actual ICMP echo request from sql- svr- 0. ICMP Echo Request Captured. Next we are going to execute another packet capture on the same host (source ESXi host) except we are going to execute this capture on the active ESXi VTEP uplink (vmnic) specifically the outbound (Tx) traffic. To do so I execute the following command and include the . A value of . We are looking for the pre- staged outbound (Tx) packet. You should see the Source MAC > Destination MAC followed by the Source IP > Destination IP just as we did before. The packet has not been encapsulated by VXLAN at this point. Unencapsulated on VTEP VMkernel (pre- stage)Execute the following command to view the packet LEAVING the virtual switch as an encapsulated frame by modifying the value of the . You also see the IP addresses of the VTEPs communicating and lastly the VXLAN, VNI 5. This is the ENCAPSULATED packet! Task 1 Summary. We have two VMs on the same NSX logical network segment running on separate ESXi hosts. Communication will involve the VTEP VMkerne’s on the source and destination hosts to handle the transmission. We were able to see the VTEP on esx- 0. VTEP on esx- 0. 3a (1. The original packet is encapsulated by NSX (VXLAN) and transmitted. NSX Packet Capture Task 2. Here in the final packet capture task we are going to initiate communication between two VMs connected to separate NSX logical switches and on separate hosts. Cheapest computer and best digital cameras deals. Check out all the latest Epson coupon codes, promo codes & discounts for 2017. Remember: Check Groupon First. This is the complete archive of TechFresh.net since JErm started this blog in 2006. Here you will find every single post that has ever been published on this consumer.
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March 2018
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